> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.uniocean.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.uniocean.io/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol.md).

# Protocol & Infrastructure

Uniocean is a high-performance, application-specific Layer-1 blockchain engineered to support a fully decentralised exchange (DEX) ecosystem. Built on the Cosmos SDK and secured by Tendermint BFT consensus, the network achieves instant transaction finality and unparalleled throughput.

> This section is intended for developers, validators, and technical integrators. For user-facing platform documentation, see [Getting Started](/forecast-platform/getting-started.md).

## Overview

By embedding core exchange logic — order matching, oracle price feeds, and liquidation mechanics — directly into the base layer via custom modules, Uniocean eliminates the latency, gas unpredictability, and MEV vulnerabilities typical of smart contract-based exchanges on general-purpose blockchains.

| Property         | Value                                |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| Consensus        | Tendermint BFT                       |
| Framework        | Cosmos SDK                           |
| Finality         | Instant (no re-orgs)                 |
| VM Support       | CosmWasm + EVM (full equivalence)    |
| Interoperability | IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication) |
| Release Date     | March 2026                           |

## System Architecture

The Uniocean ecosystem operates on a decoupled, three-tier architecture that segregates the consensus layer from data availability and user interfaces.

```mermaid
flowchart TD
    A[Frontend DEX UI] <-->|WebSocket / REST| B[Backend API & Indexers]
    B <-->|gRPC / RPC| C[Validator Network]
    C --> D[Tendermint BFT Consensus]
    C --> E[On-Chain Matching Engine]
    C --> F[Custom Cosmos Modules]
```

### Frontend DEX UI

The primary client-facing gateway — a highly optimised single-page application providing an exchange-grade trading experience.

* **Wallet Abstraction** — Supports Cosmos wallets (Keplr) and EVM wallets (MetaMask) via EIP-712 signature standards.
* **Real-Time Rendering** — Persistent WebSocket connections to the backend API for sub-second orderbook, balance, and chart updates.
* **Transaction Formulation** — Signs and broadcasts raw transaction bytes directly to RPC nodes.

### Backend API & Indexers

An off-chain indexing layer that bridges the consensus layer and client applications efficiently.

* **Event Ingestion** — Listens to Tendermint RPC via WebSockets; decodes strongly-typed ABCI events (e.g., `OrderMatched`, `PositionLiquidated`).
* **Data Storage** — Persists structured data into PostgreSQL and Redis for high-performance queries.
* **API Gateway** — Exposes REST, gRPC, and GraphQL endpoints for historical data, aggregated market metrics, and real-time state.

### Validator Network

The foundational Layer-1 infrastructure responsible for consensus and protocol execution.

* **Tendermint BFT** — Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus with instant finality and no chain re-organisations.
* **On-Chain Matching Engine** — Limit and market orders are matched deterministically within each block's `EndBlocker`, ensuring fair pricing and MEV resistance.
* **Sentry Node Topology** — DDoS-resistant topology where public P2P traffic routes through full nodes before reaching isolated validators.

## Core Modules

| Module                                                                                  | Purpose                                             |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| [Exchange](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/exchange-module.md)       | Order matching, markets, positions, fees            |
| [Oracle](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/oracle-module.md)           | Price feeds and decentralised oracle resolution     |
| [Insurance Fund](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/insurance-fund.md)  | Socialized loss coverage for liquidation shortfalls |
| [SchedWasm](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/schedwasm.md)            | Autonomous scheduled CosmWasm execution             |
| [E2EE](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/e2ee-module.md)               | Decentralised public-key registry                   |
| [TokenFactory](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/tokenfactory.md)      | On-chain denom creation and management              |
| [Permissions](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/permissions-module.md) | Fine-grained token transfer authorisation           |
| [Revenue](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/revenue-module.md)         | Fee collection, conversion, and allocation          |
| [Uniocean](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/uniocean-module.md)       | Prediction marketplace integration                  |
| [EVM & IBC](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules/evm-ibc.md)              | EVM equivalence and cross-chain interoperability    |

## Related Pages

* [Exchange Trading Features](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/exchange-features.md)
* [Risk Management & Incentives](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/risk-management.md)
* [Block Lifecycle & Trade Execution](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/block-lifecycle.md)
* [API & Integration](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/api-integration.md)
* [Core Platform Modules](/protocol-and-infrastructure/protocol/core-modules.md)